s59 (preferred name: slouch; common alternative name nk-1)
transcription factor - homeodomain - NK-1 class - maintenance of slouch is directly involved in the control of late aspects of muscle development, such as muscle differentiation and morphogenesis, and possibly also innervation
encodes a four-pass transmembrane protein that localizes to the cell membrane - specifies Notch-dependent fate - Notch and Numb physically associate with Sanpodo
receptor s/t kinase - a Dpp receptor - necessary for the specification of the dorsalmost cell fate (amnioserosa) which requires the highest levels of Dpp activity
secreted - fibrinogen family - regulates spacing of photoreceptors - a Notch pathway inhibitory signal secreted by photoreceptor precursors in response to Egfr signaling
transcription factor - zinc finger - target of Dpp - the activity of the Mad/Schnurri complex is modulated in a promoter specific fashion to active or repress gene transcription
novel protein with a single zinc finger - multifunctional protein that regulates foraging activity and shapes the activity gradient of Dpp through regulation of thickveins
functions in polarized exocytosis/secretion - involved in targeting photoreceptor axons that involves localization of specific cell adhesion and signaling molecules
secreted - Ig superfamily - axon guidance - expressed by muscle 33 - functions by inhibiting the neuronal growth cone from forming a synaptic arborization (branching) to alternative muscles
transcription factor - zinc finger - GATA family - plays a pivotal role in promoting morphogenesis of the anterior and posterior midgut - necessary for embryonic fat-cell differentiation
protease inhibitor functioning in the immune response - regulates melanization cascade through specific inhibition of the terminal protease (prophenoloxidase-activating enzyme)
transmembrane - EGF homolog - ligand for Notch - involved in the induction, through Notch, of the wing margin at the dorsal-ventral interface of the wing imaginal disc
transcription factor - orphan nuclear receptor - zinc finger - required for development of four of the eight photoreceptors that develop in each ommatidium of the eye, the R3/R4 pair and the R1/R6 pair
Polycomb group - a member of a protein complex, termed PRC1 (Polycomb repressive complex 1) - Preincubation of nucleosomal arrays with PRC1 blocks the ability of these arrays to be remodeled by SWI/SNF.
paired domain and homeodomain (partial) - Pax2, 5 and 8 homolog - Denticle formation requires transcription of sparkling, which is under positive regulation by the Egfr pathway and negative regulation by the Wingless pathway
chordin homolog - a Dpp antagonist involved in the determination of dorsal/ventral polarity - leads to the subdivision of the
dorsal region of the fly into amnioserosa and dorsal ectoderm
transcription factor - leucine zipper - Dpp pathway - mutation leads to a delay in differentiation and to a loss of photoreceptors - required for a morphogenetic movement in the brain - functions in wing margin development - required for both male and female fertility
zinc finger, C4HC3 type (PHD finger), and RD-domain protein - maternal mutants exhibit defects in segmentation, while zygotic mutants show defects in axon guidance
fascin homolog - crosslinks actin filaments - the gnarled, kinky bristle phenotype is due to the lack of Actin filament bundles in both large and small bristles
histone deacetylase required for euchromatic and heterochromatic silencing - interacts genetically and physically with members of the Hairy/Deadpan/E(Spl) family of bHLH euchromatic repressors
1- phosphatidylinositol-4 phosphate kinase - alteration of Skittles levels results in structural defects in sensory bristles, providing genetic evidence for the involvement of PIP5KIs in cytoskeletal regulation
transcription factor - homeodomain - NK-1 class - maintenance of slouch is directly involved in the control of late aspects of muscle development, such as muscle differentiation and morphogenesis, and possibly also innervation
basic leucine zipper - CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homolog - slbo targets breathless and is essential for terminal differentiation and migration of the anterior follicle cells known as border cells
Ca-activated, voltage-activated potassium channel that functions to modulate ion flow in presynaptic nerve terminals, including those of the neuromuscular synapse
AAA-protein family - ATPase - Mutants are defective in larval mitoses - expression of Smallminded in cells that undergo late
embryonic or larval mitosis suggests a general role in promoting mitosis
phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C gamma, Src homology 2 and 3 domain protein - a negative regulator in the pathways leading to R7 development - mutation results in additional cells being recruited to an R7 cell fate
seven-pass transmembrane protein - transmits Hedgehog signal - Hedgehog causes phosphorylation, stabilization, and accumulation of Smoothened at the cell surface - Patched may act indirectly to regulate Smoothened activity
SMRT-related ecdysone receptor-interacting protein - a corepressor that mediates transcriptional silencing of the Ecdysone receptor:Ultraspiracle heterodimer
transcription factor - zinc finger - DV polarity - a transcriptional repressor - acts to restrict neuroectoderm and neural fate in the invaginating mesoderm - mutants display a massive
derepression of mesectodermal
transcription factor - zinc finger - PRDII-BF1 homolog - a target of Dpp signaling - Spalt and Spalt-related regulate the vein-specific expression of knirps and and the iroquois gene complex, delimiting their domains of expression in the wing pouch
paired domain and homeodomain (partial) - Pax2, 5 and 8 homolog - Denticle formation requires transcription of sparkling, which is under positive regulation by the Egfr pathway and negative regulation by the Wingless pathway
AAA (ATPase Associated with diverse cellular Activities) family member - regulates microtubule stability - mutants show defects in synaptic growth and neurotransmission
cytoskeletal protein - structural and docking protein - a principle component of the fusome, a protein complex involved in asymmetric cell division and cell fate determination in oogenesis
DE-H family of RNA-dependent ATPases - a dorsal appendage phenotype suggests that spn-E plays a role in dorsalization of the oocyte - mislocalization phenotypes suggest that spn-E is also involved earlier in establishment egg polarity
bHLH PAS domain protein - plays a central role in defining the distal regions of both the antenna and leg - Spineless is a homolog of the mammalian dioxin receptor
Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) homology domain 2 (WH2) family - a maternal effect locus that affects both the dorsal-ventral and anterior-posterior axes of the Drosophila egg and embryo - required for
localization of determinants within the developing oocyte
ligand for Epidermal growth factor receptor - Egf/Tgf alpha homolog - required for the differentiation of all ommatidial cell types, with the exception of R8 - Spi is found on retinal axons that project into the lamina; this transported Spitz is required for lamina cartridge neuron differentiation
membrane associated or secreted antagonist of FGF signaling - functions during tracheal development - mutant follicle-cell clones demonstrates an essential role for Sprouty in restricting Egfr activation throughout oogenesis
RNA-binding protein, hnRNP D homolog - Gurken mRNA localization and translation are coupled by an interaction between Sqd and the translational repressor protein Bruno - Squid promotes apical cytoplasmic transport and localization of Fushi tarazu transcripts
Known as Shark kinase this signaling protein is required for dorsal closure upstream of Dpp - also required during oogenesis for dorsal-appendage morphogenesis
transcription factor - cytoplasmic signal transducing protein - regulates the even-skipped stripe 3 promoter and the pair rule gene runt - central to the establishment of planar polarity during Drosophila eye development
Double stranded RNA binding protein - required for the localization of multiple mRNA species during oogenesis and zygotic development - direct binding of Staufen to Bicoid and Prospero mRNAs is a requirement for their subcellular distribution - as a posterior group protein Staufen required for the localization of Oskar mRNA to the posterior pole of the oocyte
ß subunit of Casein kinase II - a normally inactive gene which, when active, leads to male sterility - a target of post-transcriptional gene regulation
beta-transducin family Trp-Asp repeats family - subunit of a multi-protein complex that targets proteins for degradation by the
ubiquitin-proteasome pathway - an important regulator of Wingless, Hedgehog and Dorsal pathways
A component of the Arp2/3 complex - involved in catalyzing actin filament nucleation - essential to cap expansion and pseudocleavage furrow during cellularization -
required for ring canal expansion during oogenesis
transcription factor - zinc finger - ring motif - chromatin associated protein - Su(Z)2 and Psc proteins co-localize to and silence many of the same chromosomal loci acted upon by other Pc-G proteins, suggesting that Pc-G proteins function in a multi-protein complex to maintain gene silencing
involved in gene silencing - a modifier of position effect variegation - methylates histone H3 thus providing a mark for the association of HP1 to heterochromatin
vesicular docking protein - a t-SNARE - involved in docking and fusion of neurotransmitter-filled vesicles with the presynaptic membrane to release neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft
a Golgi-localized SNARE protein - required for ER-Golgi traffic and Golgi reassembly following cell division - required for steps leading to formation of mature sperm
transcription factor - homeodomain and LIM domain - required in combination with other transcription factors for serotonergic and dopaminergic neuron identity
secreted ligand-binding protein - A takeout mutant has aberrant locomotor activity and dies rapidly in response to starvation, indicating a link between locomotor activity, survival, and food status
Myc-type, helix loop helix and PAS family protein - Tango heterodimerizes with two transcription factors, Trachealess and Single minded, to regulate transcription in the trachea and central midline, respectively
bHLH transcription factor - Neurogenin/NeuroD homolog - a neural differentiation gene, acting later in the hierarchy of gene activation than the proneural genes
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase - involved in perception of nutrient status - pivotal member of the TOR pathway involved in regulation of growth and cell proliferation
transcription factor - zinc finger - required globally for segmental identity throughout the entire trunk - required for identity of the anterior prothorax - required for the subdivision of midgut mesoderm acting in partnership with the homeotics.
Tec29 (preferred name name: Btk family kinase at 29A)
protein-tyrosine kinase - necessary for maintaining the equilibrium between monomeric actin and filamentous actin during invagination of the salivary placodes -
functions during oogenesis as a key downstream effector of Src64 during ring canal growth
Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinase - Serves as Drosophila's ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) - plays a conserved and essential role in the maintenance of normal telomeres and chromosome stability
serine/threonine kinase required for morphogenetic changes that take place during the fusion of the epithelial wing disc cell layers (thoracic closure), acting in the context of JNK signaling - required for Relish cleavage and antibacterial immunity
ubiquitin ligase that functions as an inhibitor of apoptosis - Thread inhibition of caspase function is counteracted by proapoptotic proteins Hid, Grim and Reaper
Toll-like receptor - leucine rich repeat transmembrane protein - expressed in ectoderm and required for neural-specific expression of the glycan HRP epitope
secreted BMP-1 homolog - metalloprotease that like Tolloid functions to activate Dpp
torpedo (preferred name: EGF-R, common alternative name: Ellipse or EGR)
transmembrane receptor- tk - EGF-R homology - during oogenesis helps set up egg polarity, determines the identity of cells in the ectoderm; during larval stages participates in the development of the eye and wing.
transmembrane - receptor tyrosine kinase - membrane receptor for Trunk - crucial for establishment of anterior and posterior cell identity of the embryo
transcription factor - basic HLH - PAS domains - mutants exhibit a defect in the ability of the tracheal precursors to organize tubes, the same defect seen in salivary glands
Rac guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor - Loss-of-function trio mutations result in the misdirection or stall of axons in embryos and also cause malformation of the mushroom body.
ß Tubulin85D - sperm tubulin - ß1 tubulin is found in
mitotically active germ cells and all somatic parts of the testis - starting with early spermatocytes, the ß1 isotype is switched off and all microtubular arrays contain ß2 tubulin.
beta Tubulin60D - microtubular cytoskeleton - transiently expressed in the embryo - higher pupal levels in the developing musculature - Adult expression confined to specific somatic cells in the gonads
Protein phosphatase 2A - B subunit - mutation causes a peripheral nervous system defect similar to those of numb and musashi - mutation also causes a pattern duplication in imaginal discs
transcription factor - bHLH - DV pathway - a switch in the development of muscle - High levels required for somatic myogenesis - this blocks formation of other mesodermal derivatives such as visceral mesoderm and heart
splicing factor required for the ATP-dependent association of U2 snRNP with pre-mRNA branchpoints - forms a heterodimer with the small splice factor U2af38 - U2af50 interacts with the intronic 3' polypyrimidine tract - the small subunit functions in recognition of the 3' AG dinucleotide
transcription factor - homeodomain - Antp class - Mutations of Ubx result in transformation of the dorsal and ventral appendages of the third thoracic segment (the haltere and third leg) into their counterparts on the second thoracic segment (wing and second leg).
a novel ligand - potential activator of JAK/STAT signaling pathway - mutation results in the stripe-specific loss of expression of even-skipped, fushi tarazu, and runt
homeodomain protein - involved in tracheal branching morphogenesis by regulating cell migration or extension; in the absence of such function, the tracheal founder cells either die or adopt other branch patterns
EGF domain and Ig domain - an intrinsically weaker ligand for EGF-receptor than Spitz - Vein is the major ligand for activating EGF-R in intervein regions - Spitz functions as the major ligand for activating EGF-R in vein territories
receptor - transmembrane protein involved with Egfr - an activator of Spitz - spatially restricted Rho expression is responsible for spatially restricted activation of Egfr
transcription factor - homeodomain - NK2 class - required for the formation of a subset of segmental neuroblasts, and possibly as a neuroectodermal committment gene - upstream of proneural achaete-scute complex.
presumptive transcription factor - novel - the activation of several genes in the wing field requires Vg/Sd function, for example activation of Serum response factor intervein promoter
E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme - contributes to the spatiotemporal control of Cyclin B degradation that occurs first during mitosis at the spindle poles
basic leucine zipper transcription factor - an enhancer of ddp during the development of dorsal/ventral polarity in the early embryo - a clock gene: suppression of the normal cycle of vri expression generates long-period rhythms or arrhythmicity
kinase - regulates cell cycle - loss of gene function leads to the cell-autonomous formation of epithelial tumors in the adult integumentary structures derived from imaginal discs.
ligand - wnt family - segment polarity gene - two distinct roles for wingless in wing morphogenesis have been identified: a primary role in specifying the wing primordium, and a subsequent role mediating the patterning activities of the dorso-ventral compartment boundary
ortholog of the mammalian transcriptional coactivator yes-associated protein - transcriptional coactivator that negatively regulates cell-cycle and cell-death regulators
transcription factor - homeodomain - Antp class - HoxA3, HoxB3 and HoxD3 homolog - DV polarity - The absence of the amnioserosa in zen mutants might cause the germ band to be twisted and thrown into folds during an
abortive elongation process
