Drosophila Genes

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Alphabetical list of genes

Genes A - B - C - D - -- [Genes E-K -- Genes L-R -- Genes S-Z ]

: A
abdominal-A FlyExpress: abd-A abdominal segmental expression: homeodomain transcription factor - Antp class - involved in subdivision of the visceral mesoderm
Abdominal-B: homeodomain transcription factor - bithorax complex - required to specify the posterior abdomen and the genitalia
Abl oncogene: non receptor tyrosine kinase with SH2 and SH3 domains - involved in axon extension
abnormal chemosensory jump 6 (common alternative name: Ipou): transcription factor - homeodomain and POU domain - determines odorant response profile of subsets of olfactory neurons
abnormal spindle FlyExpress: asp ubiquitous and neuroblast expression: microtubule binding protein - required for the integrity of microtubule organizing centers - may organize microtubules during cytokinesis
abrupt FlyExpress: ab mesodermal expression: transcription factor - zinc finger BTB domain - controls the specificity of neuromuscular connections
absent MD neurons and olfactory sensilla: proneural - required for the identity of a class of multidendritic neurons and for a class of olfactory sensilla
absent, small, or homeotic discs 1: histone methyl transferase that indirectly prevents gene silencing - provides a specific signal for establishment of active transcription
absent, small, or homeotic discs 2: trithorax family member - maintains active transcription by binding a producer of nuclear phosphoinositides; and downregulating histone H1 hyperphosphorylation
abstrakt: DEAD-box subfamily ATP-dependent helicase protein - involved in post-transcriptional regulation effecting synaptic function; and axon outgrowth and fasciculation
Accessory gland peptide 70A (common alternative name: sex-peptide): male ejaculate accessory gland protein - decreases female receptivity and stimulates egg production in the first mating of virgin females
achaete: transcription factor - basic HLH - proneural - involved in the determination of the neural fate
achintya: homeodomain transcription factor (TGIF subclass) - required, along with homeodomain protein Vismay, for spermatogenesis
act up (preferred name: capulet): cyclase-associate protein homolog - required to prevent actin filament polymerization in the eye disc
Adipokinetic hormone-like: metabolic neuropeptide, made in the corpora cardiaca, that mediates mobilization of energy substrates from the fat body - regulates starvation-induced foraging behavior
alpha-Adaptin: necessary for the formation of clathrin-coated pits and participates in the dynamin-dependent release of coated vesicles; from the membrane surface as a prelude to vesicle recycling - acts downstream of Numb in the determination of alternative cell fates in asymmetric cell division
Adar: double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase - RNA editing enzyme that affects nervous system function, integrity, and behavior
Adenomatous polypopsis coli tumor suppressor homolog 2: signaling protein in Wingless pathway and affects cytoskeletal regulation
Adh transcription factor 1 (common alternative name: Nalyot): transcription factor - Myb helix-turn-helix family involved in terminal stages of neuronal differentiation and function
adrift: novel protein involved in tracheal branching
A kinase anchor protein 200: Involved in Protein kinase A localization - PKA in turn regulates the function of specialized actin structures during oogenesis
Akt1: S/T kinase with Src homology 2 domain - promotes cell survival - component of insulin pathway
Alk: transmembrane protein - receptor tyrosine kinase - the ligand Jelly belly activates Alk; to specify a select group of visceral muscle precursors as muscle-patterning pioneers
always early: regulator of chromatin structure - a 'meiotic arrest' gene required for transcription of key G2-M cell cycle control genes and of spermatid differentiation genes
amalgam: IG superfamily - ligand for Neurotactin - maintains proper cohesion between axons and contributes to the organization of fascicles
amnesiac: pacap-like neuropeptide that activates the cAMP pathway stimulating learning and memory
Amphiphysin: SH3 domain protein that functions in membrane morphogenesis - involved in cellularization and plays a role in establisment of proper localization of postsynaptic proteins
beta amyloid protein precursor-like: beta amyloid homolog - contributes to synapse formation, maintenance, and plasticity
anachronism: secreted glial glycoprotein that inhibits premature neuroblast proliferation
Anktm1 (common alternative name: dTrpA1): heat-activated TRP family ion channel that is essential for thermotaxis
Antennapedia FlyExpress: Antp gap, thoracic and neural expession: homeodomain transcription factor - Antp class - initiator of a cascade of events that result in the development of an adult leg
anterior open (common alternative names: pokkuri or yan): ets domain transcription factor - target of Ras pathway that serves to inhibit neural and other types of differentiation
AP-2: transcription factor that plays essential roles in leg and proboscis outgrowth -; involved in development of the adult brain central complex
Apaf-1-related-killer: CED-4 domain protein that links mitochondrial events to activation of caspases during programd cell death
APC-like: adenomatous polyposis coli homolog involved in the wingless pathway - functions in neural development
apontic FlyExpress: apt expression in hindgut anlage and tracheal placodes: novel bZIP transcription factor and RNA-binding protein - multi-functional protein involved in translational regulation; and organ development
aproctous (preferred name: brachyenteron) FlyExpress: byn expression in primordium of the hindgut and anal pads: transcription factor - brachyury homolog - mediates specification of caudal visceral mesoderm
apterous FlyExpress: ap hindgut primordial, brain and CNS expression: transcription factor - homeodomain - lim domain - involved in boundary formation in the developing wing
araucan: transcription factor - homeodomain Pbx class - establishes a prepattern that determines the size, shape and number; of sensory organ mother cells in imaginal discs
arc: PDZ domain protein involved in structuring epithelia
archipelago: F box component of an SCF-ubiquitin ligase - negatively regulates the levels and activity of Drosophila Myc by linking Myc; to a protein degradation pathway - also negatively regulates Cyclin E and Notch
Argonaute 1: PAZ domain protein involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing - mutants exhibit defects in the embryonic nervous system
Argonaute 2: endonuclease - an essential component for siRNA-directed RNA interference (RNAi) response -; required for the unwinding of siRNA duplex and in consequence, assembly of siRNA into RISC
argos FlyExpress: argos expression in the head and ventral midline: ligand for Egf receptor - inhibitor of Egfr activation
aristaless: transcription factor - homeodomain - paired-like - involved in the ontogeny of specific head segments and; the initiation of appendage development
armadillo: plakoglobin and beta catenin homolog - functions in transducing signals from the Wingless/Wnt family of proteins; and works with cadherins to mediate cell adhesion
armitage: RNA helicase involved in posttranscriptional gene silencing - mutations disrupt mRNA translational silencing of oskar in the oocyte; and silencing of Stellate in male germ cells
arrest: ribonucleoprotein-type RNA-binding protein - regulates multiple mRNAs involved in female and male gametogenesis -; posterior group gene involved in assembly of the pole plasm
Arrestin 2: a protein that interacts stoichiometrically with activated rhodopsin, inhibiting its ability to interact with the G protein, transducin, thus terminating the visual response
arrow: LDL-receptor-related protein (LRP) family - Wingless pathway - binds Axins and consequently induces LEF-1 activation; by destabilizing Axin and stabilizing ß-catenin
Arrowhead: LIM domains and LIM homeodomain - requirement for proliferation of histoblast and imaginal ring tissue
asense FlyExpress: ase expression in neuroblasts and sensory nervous system specific anlage: basic HLH transcription factor - detected in neural precursors and their progeny but is not expressed in proneural clusters -; participates in the allocation of the sensory mother cells that give rise to the bristles of the anterior wing margin
ATM (preferred name: telomere fusion): Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinase - Serves as Drosophila's ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) - plays a conserved and essential role in the maintenance of normal telomeres and chromosome stability
atonal: transcription factor - basic HLH -proneural gene that governs the development of chordotonal organs (stretch receptors in the body wall and joints) and as auditory organs in the antennae
ATP-utilizing chromatin assembly and remodeling factor FlyExpress: Acf1 maternal and neuroblast expression: PHD finger motifs and chromodomain - involved in chromatin assembly
aubergine: related to eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2C - involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing
aurora (alternative name: aurora A): kinase required for centrosome separation - functions in asymmetric protein localization during mitosis
aurora B (preferred name: IplI-aurora-like kinase): signaling protein involved in chromatin condensation during mitosis
Axin: scaffolding protein - wingless pathway component

B
baboon: transmembrane protein - Type 1 activin-A-receptor - essential for proper pupation and adult viability
bag of marbles: novel protein involved in oogenesis and spermatogenesis
bagpipe: transcription factor - homeodomain - NK-2 class - forms visceral mesoderm that differentiates into gut musculature
bantam: a 21 nucleotide microRNA that promotes tissue growth, stimulates cell proliferation and prevents apoptosis
BarH1 & BarH2: transcription factor - homeodomain - neural selector genes involved in the development of the external sensilli
basket: MAP kinase homolog - Jun amino terminal kinase - involved in a pathway that regulates cell shape changes during dorsal closure
bazooka: PAR-3 homolog, PDZ domain protein involved in cell polarity and asymmetric cell division
Beadex (common alternative name: Lim-only (LMO): LIM-only protein - functions to regulate Apterous activity levels
Bearded: proneural - basic amphipathic alpha-helix - novel effector or modulator of Notch signaling
beaten path: secreted - Ig superfamily - required for subsets of motor axons to correctly defasciculate from other motor axons; at specific choice points
bereft: potentially an untranslated RNA - mutants exhibit defects in the peripheral nervous system
bicoid: transcription factor - homeodomain - maternally transcribed gene involved in anterior patterning of the Drosophila embryo
Bicaudal-D: alpha helical coiled coiled protein that interacts with the cytoskeleton - regulates developmental fate of the the oocyte
bifocal: codes for a novel protein that interacts with f-actin - functions downstream of misshapen to reorganize the actin cytoskeleton
big brain: aquaporin - MIP family signature - neurogenic gene that functions outside of the Notch pathway
biniou: fork head domain transcription factor essential for maintaining the distinction between splanchnic and somatic mesoderm; and for differentiation of the splanchnic mesoderm into midgut musculature
blistered (common alternative name: Serum response factor): transcription factor - MADS-box motif - required for vein/intervein formation in the fly wing
blistery: tensin homolog - at focal adhesion sites participates in a protein complex that establishes transmembrane linkage between the extracellular matrix and cytoskeletal actin filaments
Borealin-related: as a componenet of the chromosomal passenger complex, Borealin-related is a key regulator of mitosis -; functions to control assembly and stability of bipolar spindles and faithful chromosome segregation into daughter cells
Boss (symbol for bride of sevenless): transmembrane ligand for sevenless - regulates determination of R7 photoreceptor fate
boule: RRM motif protein involved in spermatogenesis
brachyenteron: transcription factor - brachyury homolog - required for specification of hindgut and anal pads
brahma: transcription factor - SWI2/SNF2 homolog - overcomes the repressive effect of chromatin to activate gene transcription
brainiac: glycosyltransferase - directs glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - functions in oogenesis and EGF-R signaling - helps maintain epithelial structures
brain tumor FlyExpress: brat CNS expression: involved in post-transcriptional regulation of Hunchback mRNA
brakeless (preferred name: scribbler): novel protein with a single zinc finger - multifunctional protein that regulates foraging activity and; shapes the activity gradient of Dpp through regulation of thickveins
branchless: fibroblast growth factor homolog - ligand for Breathless
breathless: transmembrane receptor, FGF-receptor homolog - used in the development of the trachea,; and later plays a role in migration of specific midline glia and the resultant effect on axonogenesis
bric à brac: transcription factor bearing a BTB/POZ domain - required for pattern formation along the proximal-distal axis of the leg and antenna
Bride of sevenless (common alternative name: Boss): transmembrane - ligand of sevenless - 7 TM segments - regulates determination of R7 photoreceptor fate
brinker: novel transcription factor bearing weak homology to homeobox domain proteins - negatively regulates decapentaplegic target genes
broad (common alternative name: Broad Complex): transcription factor - zinc finger - BTD domain - a key regulator of gene activity at the onset of metamorphosis in Drosophila
brother of odd with entrails limited (common alternative name: bowel): zinc finger transcription factor - required for the elaboration of pattern in the tarsus -; promotes morphological changes associated with joint formation during leg development
bruno (preferred name: arrest): ribonucleoprotein-type RNA-binding protein - regulates multiple mRNAs involved in female and male gametogenesis
Btk family kinase at 29A (common alternative name: Tec29): protein-tyrosine kinase - necessary for maintaining the equilibrium between monomeric actin and filamentous actin during invagination of the salivary placodes -; functions during oogenesis as a key downstream effector of Src64 during ring canal growth
Bub1: protein serine/threonine kinase - mitotic checkpoint control protein - inhibits ubiquitin ligase activity of anaphase promoting complex (APC) preventing mitosis; until all chromosomes are correctly attached to the mitotic spindle
Bub3: mitotic checkpoint protein that serves as an essential protein required during normal mitotic progression to prevent premature sister chromatid separation,; missegreation and aneuploidy
Buffy: pro-survival homolog of the apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 - also regulates cell cycle
bunched (common alternative name: shortsighted): transcription factor - leucine zipper - regulates Dpp signaling pathway
bursicon: neuropeptide hormone that controls cuticle sclerotization and wing expansion behavior
buttonhead: transcription factor - zinc finger - transcriptonal activator that regulates the segmentation of the head
buttonless: transcription factor - homeodomain - regulates the identity of the dorsal median cells that are arranged; as a single pair within each segment along the dorsal midline just above the central nervous system

C
cacophony: voltage sensitive calcium channel that stimulates neurotransmetter release at the presynaptic terminus at the neuromuscular junction
cactus: signaling protein - IkappaB homolog - regulates the nuclear transport of Dorsal
Cadherin-E (preferred name: Shotgun): cadherin - regulates cell aggregation preventing mixing of cells at tissue boundaries
Cadherin-N: cadherin - cell aggregation - regulates axon pathfinding
Cad99C: receptor - cadherin superfamily - expressed in follicle cells - regulator of microvillus length
Calcineurin (preferred name: Protein phosphatase 2B at 14D): Calcium-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase - negatively regulates Egf receptor signaling
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II: CaM kinase II - ATP binding motif - coordinates cellular responses to neurotransmitters and hormones -; effects behavior and learning
Calmodulin: calcium ion binding signaling protein - regulation of cellular processes dependent on Ca2+
Calnexin 99A: binds Ca²⁺ - a chaperone that functions in the transition of proteins from the ER to the outer cellular membrane -; glycoprotein folding and quality control in the ER - molecular chaperone for Rh1 biosynthesis -; regulates cytosolic Ca²⁺ levels following activation of the light-sensitive TRP channels
cAMP-dependent protein kinase 1 common alternative name: Protein kinase A (PKA): catalytic subunit of PKA - involved in Hedgehog signaling pathway and functions in learning in the adult
cannonball: TAF_II80, Trp-Asp repeat (WD-repeat) protein expressed only in spermatocytes, where it is required for transcription of genes
required for spermatid differentiation
canoe: glgf/dhr motif scaffolding protein - interacts with genes in both the Notch and the Ras pathways
Cap-G: Armadillo-like helical HEAT domain protein - non-SMC subunit of the condensin complex -; responsible for ensuring that replicated chromosomes are condensed prior to metaphase
capicua: transcription factor - HMG box protein - acts as a repressor of tailless and huckebein; in both the anterior and posterior domains of the early Drosophila embryo
cap'n'collar FlyExpress: cnc head segmental expression: transcription factor - basic leucine zipper - involved in the segmentation of the head -; effects both labral and mandibular structures
capricious: leucine-rich repeat transmembrane protein involved in selective synapse formation;; contributes to formation of the affinity boundary between dorsal and ventral compartments of the wing
capulet (common alternative name: act up): cyclase-associate protein homolog - sequesters monomeric actin - required to prevent; actin filament polymerization in the eye disc
Cardioacceleratory peptide: a neuropeptide - controls behavior during molting
Casein kinase II alpha subunit and beta subunit: CkII catalytic and regulatory subunits - modulates Antennapedia's properties, restricting its activity to an appropriate level
Caspase 1 (preferred name: Death caspase-1): ICE/CED-3 protease - regulates developmental apoptosis or programd cell death
castor (common alternative name: ming): transcription factor - zinc finger - regulates the development of late CNS sublineages
caudal FlyExpress: cad expression in anlagen for terminal abdominal structures and hindgut: transcription factor - homeodomain - plays a role in establishing the posterior domains of the embryo, which give rise to the posterior gut
caupolican: transcription factor - homeodomain Pbx class - a prepattern gene that determines the size, shape and; number of sensory organ mother cells in imaginal discs
Cbl: ubiquitin ligase - positively regulates receptor tyrosine ubiquitination accelerating degradation of ligand-receptor complexes
cdc2: a cdc2 kinase - heterdimerizes with cyclin A and cyclin B - responsible for the execution of the mitotic (M) phase of the cell cycle
cdc42: a Ras type GTPase - involved in epithelial cell elongation - facilitates nucleation of actin filaments
Cdc27 (common alternative name makos): subunit of anaphase-promoting complex (APC) - involved in regulating cell cycle
centromere identifier: a variant of histone H3 - localizes exclusively to centromeres - chromatin component that plays a key role in assembling the kinetochore at meiosis and mitosis
C15 (common alternative name Clawless): member of the 93E cluster of homeodomain proteins - regulates spatial patterning of the tarsus, a distal portion of the leg -; homolog of vertebrate oncogene Hox11
chameau: histone acetyltransferase - acts as antagonistic cofactor to the histone deacetylase Rpd3 to modulate JNK-dependent; transcription during pupal thorax metamorphosis and JNK-induced apoptosis - recruited by DJun and DFos
charlatan: zinc finger transcription factor - facilitates accumulation of proneural proteins Achaete and Scute by forming a transcriptional stimulatory loop
charybde and scylla: conserved proteins acting downstream of PKB and upstream of TSC to regulate growth - they are induced under hypoxic conditions,; thus establishing a potential cross-talk between growth and oxygen sensing
chickadee: profilin homolog - regulates polymerization of the actin cytoskeleton
chico: insulin receptor substrate family - the major cytoplasmic substrate of the insulin receptor
chiffon: Dbf4 homolog - regulatory subunit of Cdc7-Dbf4 dimer - interacts with unknown regulators and; activates the kinase function of its dimerization partner, thus triggering the initiation of cellular DNA replication
Chip: transcription factor - enhancer facilitator - functions at enhancers to bring together diverse transcriptional factors and; form higher order activation complexes; or, in some cases, it may block formation of such complexes
chk2 (preferred name: loki): homolog of mammalian Chk2 - a serine/threonine kinase required required for DNA damage-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis
Chromatin assembly factor 1 subunit: A histone chaperone protein - mediates nucleosome assembly on both the leading and lagging strands; immediately after passage of the DNA replication fork
chromosome bows (common alternative names: Orbit and Mast): microtubule-associated protein that plays an essential role facilitating the kinetochore-microtubule interaction -; maternially it facilitates multiple interactions of the fusome with mitotic spindles and ring canals -; zygotically it mediates the action of Slit and its receptors acting as a partner of the Abelson tyrosine kinase
citron (preferred name: sticky): Rho effector kinase functioning downstream of pebble - required for cytokinesis
clift (common alternative name: eyes absent): novel protein - eyes absent family - cell survival factor - functions in eye development; and in the embryonic determination of the somatic gonadal precursor cell fate
Clock: transcription factor - bHLH and PAS domains - regulates circadian rhythms
clueless (preferred name: abrupt): transcription factor - zinc finger BTB domain - controls the muscle expression of molecules required for correct motorneuron targeting
collier (preferred name: knot): EBF/Olf-1 homolog, HLH protein - required for the formation of the hypopharyngeal lobe,; the proper development of the larval head skeleton, and suppresses vein formation between veins 3 and 4,
comatose: N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion (NSF) gene - required in disassembly or rearrangement of the SNARE complex at the plasma membrane after vesicule fusion
combgap: zinc finger transcription factor - involved in pattern formation and the regulation of cell fate
commissureless: novel transmembrane protein - involved in axon pathfinding and neuromuscular synaptogenesis
Connectin: Leucine rich repeat homophilic cell adhesion protein expressed in a subset of muscles and the motoneurons that innervate them
Contactin: required for organization of septate junctions and for function of the paracellular barrier -; Forms a tripartite complex with Neuroglian and Neurexin
COP9 complex homolog subunit 5: Component of COP9 signalsome - regulates ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation - Jab1/MPN domain metalloenzyme motif
coracle: protein 4.1 homolog - links transmembrane proteins to cytoskeleton
corkscrew: protein tyrosine phosphatase - SH2 domains - downregulates receptor tyrosine kinase signaling
cornichon: cargo receptor required for transport of the TGFalpha growth factor Gurken to the oocyte surface
Cortactin: cytoskeletal component that acts as a link, via Src, between surface receptors and actin - interacts with F-actin and can stimulate actin polymerization by direct interaction with the Arp2/3 complex
costa (common alternative name: costal2): kinesin like protein - hedgehog signaling - a cytoplasmic anchor for Cubitus interruptus
courtless: ubiquitin conjugation enzyme - plays a role in protein degradation - mutation disrupts early steps of courtship behavior in Drosophila males and the development of their sperm
cousin of atonal: bHLH transcription factor required for sensory neuron morphology
cp309 (common alternative name: pericentrin-like protein): PACT domain protein - associated with both the centrioles and pericentriolar material -; essential for the formation of functional cilia and flagella
cramped: a novel Polycomb group protein - physically interacts with Proliferating cell nuclear antigen,; a protein involved in DNA replication and repair
CrebB-17A: transcription factor - cAMP response element binding protein - acts downstream of Protein kinase A - regulates genes involved; in learning and memory
CREB-binding protein (preferred name: nejire): CBP, a transcriptional co-activator that interacts with; a large number of developmentally important transcription factors
crocodile: winged helix, forkhead family - establishing the domains of expression for wingless and engrailed in the clypeolabrum,; the anterior most segment of the fly's head
crooked legs: multiple zinc finger transcription factor - mutants exhibit both a morphological defect in leg morphogenesis; and altered gene expression during morphogenesis
crossveinless 2: chordin-like cysteine rich domain protein: modifies BMP signaling
crossveinless c (common alternative name: RhoGAP88C): required in tissues actively undergoing morphogenesis -- regulates GTPase function of Rho; to promote the coordinated organisation of the actin cytoskeleton
crumbs: transmembrane - egf repeats - laminin A homolog - involved in epithelial polarity
cryptochrome: potential transcription factor - light response protein - cryptochrome/photolyase
C-terminal binding protein: transcription factor-interacting protein - a transcriptional co-repressor
cubitus interruptus FlyExpress: ci maternal and segmental expression: transcription factor - zinc finger - mediates Hedgehog signaling
Cullin1 (preferred name: lin-19-like): a major component of a series of multimeric ubiquitin ligases that control the degradation of a broad range of proteins
Cullin 3 (preferred name: guftagu): Cullen-3 homolog acting in protein degradation - loss of function has pleiotropic effects during development,; including defects in external sensory organ development, pattern formation and cell growth and survival - targets Cubitus interruptus
cup: translational repressor - represses oskar translation - physically interacts with Bruno
cut: transcription factor - homeodomain - cut domain - mediates choice between chordotonal sense organ; and external sensory organ fate - also involved in wing and follicle cell morphogenesis
Cyclic-AMP response element binding protein A: basic leucine zipper transcription factor - required for patterning cuticular structures on both dorsal and ventral surfaces
Cyclin A: a a G2-M phase cyclin - cell cycle regulator - dimerization partner of cdc2 kinase
Cyclin B: a G2-M phase cyclin - cell cycle regulator - dimerization partner of cdc2 kinase
Cyclin D: cell cycle regulator - a G1-S phase cyclin
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6: a Cdk involved in control of growth of cells - partners cyclin D - governs progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5: a Cdk involved in control of cell differentiation and morphology
Cyclin-dependent kinase 7: a Cdk-activating kinase and general transcription factor - required for the activation of both Cdc2/Cyclin A and; Cdc2/Cyclin B complexes, and for cell division
Cyclin-dependent kinase 9: subunit of P-TEFb, targets RNA polymerase II
Cyclin E: a G1-S phase cyclin - dimerization partner of cdc2c kinase
Cyclin J: regulates S phase early in embryonic development, partners Cdk2

D
dacapo: cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor - inhibits cell cycle progression
dachsous: cadherin superfamily - controls imaginal disc morphogenesis
dachshund: transcriptional co-repressor - required for elongation of leg discs
daughterless: transcription factor - basic HLH - proneural gene that is also involved in sex determination
daughter of sevenless: an adaptor protein that facilitates signal transduction as a downstream component of the receptor tyrosine kinases Sevenless, Egf receptor and Torso
Daughters against dpp: Smad family - inhibits Dpp signal transduction
DC0: Protein kinase A catalytic subunit - a signal transduction protein involved in learning and memory and in the Hedgehog pathway
dCREB2 (preferred name: CrebB-17A): transcription factor - basic leucine zipper - acts downstream of Protein kinase A -; regulates genes involved in learning and memory
deadpan FlyExpress: dpn segmental expression and expression in hindgut primordium and neuroblasts: transcription factor - bHLH - hairy/E(spl) class - a pan-neural repressor
dead ringer: transcription factor - ARID domain protein - required for proper patterning of the abdomen
Death caspase-1: ICE/CED-3 protease involved in apoptosis
death executioner Bcl-2 homologue: Bcl-2/CED-9 family protein involved in regulating apoptosis
Death related ced-3/Nedd2-like protein: ICE/CED-3 protease involved in apoptosis
DE-cadherin (preferred name: shotgun): transmembrane - E-cadherin homolog - cell adhesion - sets up boundaries between epithelial compartments preventing cell mixing
decapentaplegic: ligand - tgf-beta homolog - early on dpp establishes embryonic dorsal/ventral --; later defines boundaries between appendage compartments
defective proventriculus: homeodomain transcription factor - involved in the establishment of two gut structures:; the proventriculus (a foregut structure) and the central midgut
Deformed: transcription factor - homeodomain - Antp class - required to form a normal head -; involved in establishing the form of the maxillary and mandibular segments
Delta: transmembrane - EGF family - Notch ligand - important in establishing neural cell fates
deltex: E3-ubiquitin ligase - Deltex mediated accumulation of Notch in the late-endosome compartment is required for the Dx-mediated Su(H)-independent Notch signaling
DER (Preferred name: EGF-R) (common alternative name: Torpedo): transmembrane receptor- tk - EGF-R homology - during oogenesis helps set up egg polarity, determines the identity of cells in the ectoderm;; during larval stages participates in the development of the eye and wing.; ventral ectoderm; during larval stages participates in the development of the eye and wing.
derailed: receptor tyrosine kinase - functions in axon during central nervous system and brain development
DFR-1 (preferred name: Heartless - also commonly known as Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1): receptor tyrosine kinase - involved in the development of mesodermal and neuronal cells
DHR3 (preferred name: Hormone receptor-like/Hr46): transcription factor - nuclear receptor superfamily - a second tier regulator involved in Drosophila molting --; acts negatively on Ecdysone receptor and postively on genes expressed subsequently in the molting hierarchy
diaphanous: Formin homology domain protein required for cytokinesis
Dicer-1: ribonuclease III family, double-stranded RNA domain binding domain, DEAD/DEAH box helicase, PAZ domain -; an enzyme involved in degrading RNA - involved in double-stranded RNA interference (RNAi) and post-transcriptional gene regulation (PTGS)
Dicer-2: DEAD/DEAH box helicase - mutants are defective in processing small interfering RNAs
Dichaete (preferred name: Sox box protein 70D, common alternative name: fish-hook) FlyExpress: Dichaete expression in ventral neuroectoderm and neuroblasts: HMG-domain protein - SOX-domain protein - implicated in the regulation of pair-rule genes; and later functions in wing morphogenesis
diego: ankyrin repeat protein involved in tissue polarity - helps promote polarized clustering of Flamingo
diminutive (common alternative name: dmyc): bHLH - leucine zipper - controls cell cycle progression
dimmed (common alternative name: Mist 1-related): Atonal family bHLH transcription factor - component of a mechanism by which diverse neuroendocrine lineages; differentiate and maintain a pro-secretory state
Disabled: novel signaling protein - interacts with Abl to regulate axon guidance
disc proliferation abnormal: Licensing factor - Zn finger motif - cdc21 homolog - MCM4 homolog - implicated in the initiation of DNA replication; and in the discrimination between replicated and unreplicated chromatin
discs overgrown (common alternative name: double-time): casein kinase Iepsilon - contributes to circadian rhythmicity
discs large 1: Links septate junctions to cytoskeleton - Guanylate kinase signature and Src homology 3 domain
discs lost: conserved protein of unknown function - required for cell survival and cell cycle progression - implicated in modification of olfactory behavior
dishevelled: novel cytoplasmic protein - a component in the wingless pathway and regulates epithelial polarity
dispatched: patched family protein regulating Hedgehog release
dissatisfaction: nuclear receptor superfamily - essential for many aspects of sexual behavior and neural development in both males and females
distal antenna & distal antenna-related: two closely linked genes coding for pipsqueak domain proteins - effector genes that act downstream of homothorax and Distal-less; to control differentiation of distal antennal structures
Distal-less: transcription factor - homeodomain - defines the termini of appendages and regulates appendage growth
division abnormally delayed: membrane bound glypican related proteoglycan - effects cell division of lamina precursor cells of the optic lobe
DJun (Preferred name: Jun-related antigen): transcription factor - basic leucine zipper - cooperates with the ETS domain protein Pointed to induce R7 fate in the developing eye
Dlar (preferred name: Leukocyte-antigen-related-like): transmembrane - receptor tyrosine kinase functioning to regulate axon guidance
dmyc (preferred name: diminutive): bHLH - leucine zipper - controls cell cycle progression
dodo: peptidylprolyl isomerase - facilitates the degradation of the transcription factor CF2, which regulates expression of the rhomboid gene in follicle cells
domeless: a divergent member of the cytokine class I receptor family - required for segmentation and functions in trachea specification
Domina: forkhead/winged-helix class - a suppressor of position effect variegation that also affects and regulates eye and bristle development
dorsal: transcription factor - NFkappaB/rel homolog - functions in establishment of dorsal/ventral polarity
Dorsal related immune factor: NFkappaB/rel homolog - a regulator of the immune response
Dorsocross: three closely linked T-box domain transcription factors that are crucial for completion of differentiation,; cell proliferation arrest, and survival of amnioserosa cells
double parked: conserved protein required for DNA replication
doublesex: novel zinc finger transcription factor - regulates sexual differentiation of both sexes
double-time (preferred name: discs overgrown): casein kinase Iepsilon - contributes to circadian rhythmicity
dreadlocks: SH2 and SH3 domain signal transduction protein - required for photoreceptor cell growth cone guidance and targeting
drifter (preferred name: ventral veins lacking): transcription factor - homeodomain - pou domain - mutants display severe tracheal defects and defects in ventral midline glia migration
Dronc (preferred name: Nedd2-like caspase): cysteine protease - a functional homolog of CED-3/caspase-9 - involved in programd cell death
Drop (common alternative name: muscle segment homeobox-1) FlyExpress: Drop expression in ventral neuroderm anlage, ventral nerve cord and trunk mesoderm anlage: transcription factor - homeodomain - confers cell fate on the dorsal (lateral-most) column of neuroblasts during ventral cord development
Dror: receptor tyrosine kinase - trk homolog - expressed during neural differentiation
Dscam: multiple Ig domain protein - acts with other proteins to direct pathfinding of Bolwig's nerve
dtfr (preferred name: thickveins): receptor of Decapentaplegic
dumbfounded (preferred name: kin of irre): IG superfamily - required for myoblast aggregation and fusion
dunce: cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase - involved in memory and learning
Dynein heavy chain 64C: a molecular motor - functions in axon transport
dysfusion: bHLH-PAS protein expressed in tracheal fusion cells and required for tracheal fusion
Dystroglycan: transmembrane receptor for extracellular matrix molecules - required for cellular polarity in epithelial cells and the oocyte
dystrophin: the postsynaptically localized scaffolding protein required for appropriate control of neuromuscular synaptic homeostasis

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